Mark Twains Use of Dialect in Huckleberry Finn

Mark Twains Use of Dialect in Huckleberry Finn Free Online Research Papers Q: Discuss Twain’s use of dialect in the novel. What effect does this usage have on the reader? Does it make the novel less of an artistic achievement? In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses words and phrases that people during the time that he wrote the book used in everyday life. Depending on the character, Twain used different forms of slang used in that period. His way of writing really shows how people spoke back then. The main character of the story is Huckleberry Finn, also known as Huck. From the beginning of the novel, Twain makes it clear that Huck is a boy who comes from the lowest levels of white society. Although Widow Douglas attempts to â€Å"reform† Huck, he resists her attempts and maintains his independent ways. The Widow finally gives Huck some of the schooling and religious training that he had missed; he has not been indoctrinated with social values. Huck’s distance from mainstream society makes him skeptical of the world around him and the ideas it passes on to him. Huck speaks very well, but he still uses some slang during the novel. For example, â€Å"†¦there ain’t nothing in the world so good when it’s cooked right- and whilst I eat my supper we talked and had a good time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Though Huck does not speak the â€Å"proper English† we think to be proper today, he still tells the story in an easily understandable way. Jim, Huck’s companion as he travels down the river, is a man of remarkable intelligence and compassion. He is the slave of Miss Watson. Since he is a slave, he is not very learned and speaks very bad English with a very strong accent. It is a bit difficult reading Jim’s lines in the novel because the words are spelled the way he would say it. For example, â€Å"Yo ole father doan know yit what hes a-gwyne to do. Sometimes he spec hell go way, en den agin he spec hell stay. De bes way is to res easy en let de ole man take his own way. Deys two angels hoverin roun bout him.† In order to understand the passage, the reader must read the lines slowly and try to figure out what words Jim is actually trying to say. Twain made Jim talk like this because this is how he probably heard the slaves talk during that time. Jim is a very unique character and no other character talks like him, which makes him stand out. Most of the adults shown in the book seem to talk like regular people nowadays, with only mild slang words. For example, Pap speaks OK English, but he talks with a southern accent with a little slang. Well, Ill learn her how to meddle. And looky here you drop that school, you hear? Ill learn people to bring up a boy to put on airs over his own father and let on to be bettern what he is. You lemme catch you fooling around that school again, you hear?† Pap, like many other adults during that time, was not educated and spoke incorrectly. But since the majority spoke that way, it was considered the normal way to talk. In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses words and phrases that people during the time that he wrote the book used in everyday life. Twain wrote this way because he wanted the reader to get an accurate feel of how people back then spoke and how society was much different than that of today. His way of telling a story makes the reader feel like he is right next to the characters, listening to every word that comes out of their mouth. His descriptive words paint a picture in the reader’s heads and it works very well. Research Papers on Mark Twain's Use of Dialect in Huckleberry FinnMind TravelBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayWhere Wild and West MeetTrailblazing by Eric AndersonHip-Hop is ArtStandardized TestingComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

How to Make Homemade Dry Shampoo

How to Make Homemade Dry Shampoo Dry shampoo is a type of shampoo that you apply to dry hair and blow or brush out, taking excess oil and grime with it. You can buy a dry shampoo, but its super-cheap to make it, plus you get to customize the formula. Here are several easy and inexpensive recipes for homemade dry shampoo. Dry Shampoo Ingredients You can use any of these ingredients as a dry shampoo or you can mix together several ingredients, depending on what you have available. corn starchcorn mealground oatmeal (use a spice mill or coffee grinder to powder oatmeal)baking sodatalcum powder or baby powderarrowroot powder (great for blonde or light hair)cocoa powder (great for dark hair, especially if you dont want any white powder)couple of drops of essential oil (optional, for fragrance) Good choices for essential oil include grapefruit oil, peppermint oil, or eucalyptus oil. If you prefer, you can omit the oil completely or else rub a small amount on your hands and run your hands through your hair to scent it. Example Recipe: 1/4 cup corn starch2 drops peppermint oil How To Use Dry Shampoo Make sure your hair is completely dry. If it is damp, the powder will form clumps. Its called dry shampoo, right?Sprinkle the powder onto your hair from a height of several inches or apply it using an old makeup brush. Your goal is to get an even distribution of the powder, not blanket your head.Either comb the dry shampoo through your hair or use a blow dryer on its cool setting to distribute the powder.You can brush out the dry shampoo or bend down and shake it out with your fingers. Making a Wet-Dry Shampoo Another option is to make a wet-dry shampoo, which contains the same ingredients, plus a quick-evaporating liquid. You can spritz this product onto your hair and brush it out when your hair is dry. Make this type of homemade dry shampoo by adding a bit of rubbing alcohol or vodka to the dry ingredients. Note the alcohol will have a refreshing, cooling effect, but overuse of this type of dry shampoo may cause your scalp to feel dry. Cheesecloth Method If you dont have any of these ingredients or simply dont want to add anything to your hair, another option is to wrap a brush with a layer of cheesecloth. Brush your hair, depositing excess oil onto the cloth.

Candidate for the position of Chief of the Virtual Police Department Research Paper

Candidate for the position of Chief of the Virtual Police Department - Research Paper Example Community policing works towards ensuring that both the police and the citizens come together to prevent the occurrences and as well brings resolution to neighborhood conflicts. Community policing emphasizes on stoppage of the crimes or any other evil acts before they happen. It does not just deal with just making responses to calls after the occurrences of a crime. Its aim is to prevent the crimes and dealing with it in the process it is occurring. Furthermore, Community policing ensure that citizens get a lot of control of their lives’ quality control and regulation in their societies. The policing would mean that the corps becomes part and a fraction of the neighborhood. Community Policing also helps in ensuring that the police get a better understanding and knowledge of the demands of the citizens. Consequently, the citizens will gain trust in the police officers and their services to the community (Stevens, 1995). They will gain confidence in the police and respect and co rporate with them. In other words, the community works hand in hand with the department of the police in the community. If people believe that the community policy is in practice in their society, these people will be more possibly willing to give their good opinions, ideas and perceptions of these police. Moreover, in collaboration, both the community and police department will show togetherness in their work for them to accomplish their shared interests and objectives of creating a better and safer environment to dwell in. Together to attain shared objectives of a safer, better place to live. It is an indication of democracy and freedom in practice. Moreover, community policing is taken as an efficient and effective way to enhance the goodness of life within a community. Moreover, community policing also does a very significant role in giving meaning to the two aspects of policing. These are

Global Marketing Expansion Speech or Presentation

Global Marketing Expansion - Speech or Presentation Example In addition, for a good marketing strategy for the new products being introduced in new markets, it is essential that enterprises engage into a critical analysis of the targeted market or region (Paul 254). This is important because it helps the marketers of the product understand the market dynamics better for enhanced product positioning. As a general rule, a product is likely to sell if the conditions of the external environment are favorable for promotion purposes. The justification behind this is that for the product to be known and accepted in the market, there must be promotion and adoption campaign. This paper identifies the Malaysian market for the purposes of introducing a portable water purifying gadget. The paper will therefore analyze the current situation of the foreign country in terms of the social, political, legal and environmental factors that might affect the introduction and promotion of the new product into the new market. This analysis will be conducted on a ba ckground of the various factors that may hinder the marketing campaign for the new product. To begin, it is important to identify the new product and the justifications for introducing it to Malaysian market. The Portable Water Purifying System The portable water purifier is an innovative product developed for the purposes of ensuring that households and even travelling individuals have access to not only clean but safe water for consumption. Water is an important component of human development. However, although most people have improved access to relatively clean water in the developing and emerging economies today, there is still a problem of making sure that the water is pure and free from disease causing germs. A sure way to eliminate this uncertainty is to have a portable ‘verification’ tool. This is the main reason why this purification gadget has been developed. With the size of a small torch, the purifier uses the ultraviolet ray technology to help purify water especially before drinking. In addition, the gadget is able to recharge using limited solar rays and therefore it is the surest way of creating purification capabilities to households and individuals even in remote areas that do not have access to other purification systems. Another advantage of the product is that it is relatively cheap and durable and hence can be used by many people regardless of their economic status. In addition, the product is user friendly because just like a conventional torch light, the portable purifier works with a slide switch that activates the beam of ultraviolet rays that are able to sterilize water within a couple of minutes before use. With this hand held simple but technologically inventive gadget, the safety of the user is assured. This is because it is able to eliminate the bacteria and other pathogens that may cause illness. This product is therefore suitable in areas that are continually faced with water shortage problems. It is a guarantee of an assisted elimination of illness related to water borne diseases. It is able to purify water in a couple of minutes and therefore ideal for tourists who may not be sure of the water they have for consumption. It can also be used for relief assistance during humanitarian crises like floods to help eliminate water borne disease. Having reviewed the product on offer, it is important to look at the situation in the target country that may make

Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay Example for Free

Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay Crimes and Misdemeanors Woody Allens, Crimes and Misdemeanors, film paints a realistic picture of the real world in which we all live. His film brilliantly portrays the lives of how a large amount of people across this globe live their own life and does not attempt to sugarcoat any event that occurs in the movie; he merely tells it how it is and provides information for what people should expect in todays world. Allen takes on the issue of the human races true beliefs of morality and what actually happens in he real world, in contrast to what typically takes place in movies. Allen transpires different events throughout his movie that create a lingering question for his audience on the thoughts of morality in a godless community. Adultery, lies, and murder were only a small sum of the crimes that were committed in Allens movie. However, the question becomes how the characters reacted to their own acts of immorality. The most in depth storyline in this movie was that of Judah Rosenthal, who comes to the conclusion that in a world devoid of godly resence, all acts are permissible, even adultery and murder. Once a person erases their belief on certain morals and values, it is much easier for them to erase crimes or immoral acts they have committed from their mind as being immoral. Judah does an extraordinary Job at showing this in the movie when he finds out that someone else was arrested for the murder of Dolores; he automatically knew he was off the hook and made himself believe he did no wrong. By doing this he was capable of going on and living his life. Another main character in Allens movie, was one layed by him himself. Throughout the movie Cliff embarked on new ideas and experiences because they were his passion and what he believed, however at the end of the movie we watch as Cliff loses everything he believed in from his love, his career, and his family. Many may question why Cliff would lose everything if he had so many good strong beliefs and how Judah can move on with his life even after being involved in a murder. However, the answer according to this movie is simple. We as the human race, define ourselves by our choices, with the absence of god. In he issue concerning Cliff losing everything he believed in, it wasnt necessarily a punishment, but in all actuality shows how it can be relevant to real life. Not all times, does a person with good morals get what they want. In addition, Judah was going to move on with his life no matter if he had a religious background or not. Judah saw the world as, once God is gone all things are permissible, which shows his true morals and values as a person. His character depicts the life of one who has done wrong and escaped punishment in their life at some point, which again can be pplied to the real world on a daily basis. Regarding the different situations that occur all across this movie, it is shown that there can be a sense of morality in our world without the belief of a certain religion. This movie portrays many types of religious beliefs within the characters and then goes on to show that even people who do not necessarily believe in God, still have morals they might Just value certain areas more than others. God is essentially a the absence of god, anything anyone wants to make permissible to their own self can be made permissible.

My Dream Place Essay -- Descriptive Essay, Descriptive Writing

My dream place would be a house on a Galapagos Island. My land will be located on the Isabella Island. It will be nice and relaxing because it has a constant weather all that time, perfect environment. Also I will have a nice 2 floor cabin. The cabins will look like the ones that you see in forest. My whole family will live there after I am 75. But before that I will spend my time gathering all the money to buy a piece of land, a plane, a boat, and some vegetable seed (lot of them). I want my dream place to be nice and relaxing where you can enjoy the environment and very peaceful weather. Since I am a vegetarian, I will own a farm with couple of horses, cows, chickens, couple of healthy, fully trained by me dogs, and the lands will be about 17 acres. The horses and the cows will have 15 flat acres of land. In this specific area, it will have a beautiful lake that surrounds 0.13 acres of land where there will be an oak tree. It will be a home to all the ducks, swan, and flamingos. And on this lake there will be couple of different types of fountains. Surrounding the lake will be s...

The Main Characters In The Brother K English Literature Essay

The â€Å" secret plan † of the narrative is alone from many other books, in that it feels like 5 different secret plans all ramifying off from the same starting point, and all stoping up at the same topographic point. Each of the major characters has their ain â€Å" secret plan † : Papa, Peter, Everett, Irwin, and the remainder of the household at the house. Papa is, merely that, the male parent of the family. Once a professional hurler, he subsequently retired to work in a factory. Several old ages subsequently, his pollex was crushed by some machinery in the factory ‘s paper imperativeness, intending that he could ne'er flip once more without a particular surgery, one they could n't afford. This sent him into a spiral of depression that lasted many old ages, until Kincaid snapped him out of it. He began developing once more, despite his pollex, and after a batch of preparation, he was fliping once more, but nowhere near his â€Å" glory yearss † . Final ly, due to some tampering by Everett, he is able to acquire his surgery, and replaces his bad pollex with his toe, and gets a prosthetic toe to replace that. He finally works his manner back up the baseball ladder until he is the alleviation hurler for the Tugs. He merely quits when he realizes he has to take between baseball and his household. He dies a few months afterwards, due to several types of malignant neoplastic disease. Peter is a genius degree mind who believes really strongly in Zen Buddhist doctrines, and ends up at Harvard for all of his work, avoiding the bill of exchange by manner of scholarship. Finally going to India, he returns place after being robbed of all of his ownerships, although deriving a great trade of cognition about the doctrines he believes in. Everett, on the other manus, is about an antonym of Peter. His beliefs are anarchistic and agnostic in nature, and he is much more extremist in his actions. From beginnings hassling his ain female parent about her spiritual beliefs, he finally ruins his household ‘s relationship with their curate. After he graduates High school, he uses his natural endowment of address to progress in life, going a â€Å" hippy † . Droping out of school in order to dodge the bill of exchange, he finally ends up in Canada, love struck by the one miss who his powers of address could n't enchant, named Natasha. After an on/off relationship affecting many letters, he finally comes back to the US to assist his brother, despite the effects of bill of exchange evasion. The 3rd oldest, Irwin, has no mental art, but is alternatively, an about everlastingly happy, soft giant. By book ‘s terminal, he is one of merely 3 characters left in the household whose beliefs are strictly Christian. Due to dropping out of school and non wishing to run off, he is drafted into the Vietnam War, where his apparently eternal benevolence runs dry. He snaps after his squad is forced to kill a little kid, utilizing n il but a tubing of toothpaste and his fists to assail his bid officer. These actions landed him in a mental establishment back in the United States, where he was subjected to an copiousness of narcotics and repeated electroconvulsive therapy therapy when he would n't halt singing the church anthem he grew up with. Upon larning of this, his household puts aside their differences and calls upon many of their churchgoing friends to come and assist acquire him out of the establishment. They win, and he recovers finally, through tackling the originative mercantile establishment of wood ranges. The remainder of the characters are much more minor. Mama is an highly spiritual lady who keeps the whole household together, even when 2/3 of her kids reject her instructions. Beatrice/Bet and Winifred/Fred are twins born after Kincaid, both really scientifically minded, but ramifying off sacredly, as Bet ‘s uninterrupted dark panics have lead her to an agnostic/atheist point of view, and Fr ed ‘s beliefs remaining Christian. All of these characters and events come together as the kids and parents try to populate their lives. In my sentiment, the most memorable scene from this book was the minute that they allow Irwin out of the mental establishment. The concluding behind this being that, up until this scene, the book had been reasonably realistic. The war was portrayed as dark, farinaceous and meaningless, the characters three dimensional and complex. But this minute merely shattered that for me. No authorities establishment would be that easy overthrown by a few household members and some spiritual leaders. Irwin was, from a 3rd individual ‘s point of view, still lawfully insane. They had every ground to maintain him at that place. This scene was such a displacement in the secret plan that I suppose it stuck with me. My favourite quotation mark from this book is: â€Å" aˆÂ ¦ † Want to hear why? Do you desire to cognize why Linda could ne'er kip? † I forced myself to nod. Good. It ‘s good to shareaˆÂ ¦ † ( Page 390 ) This is from the scene where Bet is depicting her dark panics to Kincaid. My ground behind picking this quotation mark is that, for one, it was a immense turning point in the narrative for Kincaid. Prior to this point, he himself was a minor character, more frequently than non leting his wiser older sibling to make everything. This is one of the few points in the narrative where he takes the brunt of the blow and shows some development as a character. For two, and for the same grounds mentioned, this shows off one of the major subjects in The Brothers K that is salvation. Every character in this book redeems themselves at one point or another, with the possible exclusion of T Bar, one of the people Peter met in India who helped him along his journey . Personally, I did non like this book. Many parts I had to maintain forcing myself frontward, with the promise that it may acquire more interesting subsequently on. And it did, for the most portion. But any clip the secret plan of one character would get down to acquire interesting, it would trade off to another character, and so another, until I had long forgotten why I was interested in the first character in the first topographic point. I did, nevertheless like how every character was given a sufficient wrap up, but at the same clip, the stoping felt really rushed. Where as in most of the book, at most merely a few months would travel by without notice ; the stoping skipped full old ages in between paragraphs. A more minor complain is about the names. It took me half the book to recognize that Winnie and Fred is the same individual, and that it is a miss. But about three quarters of the manner through the book, Irwin adopts the nickname Winnie, with no account behind it. This book besides has a batch of reasonably unneeded spots to it, apparently in order to give the characters more credibility. A multi portion â€Å" History of My Dad † written by Irwin serves to give the Papa character a back narrative that is n't truly needed. There are besides several interviews with celebrated baseball participants. All in all, this book may be a good read for the history partisans, but I do n't believe that the mean Joe would happen it really appealing.

My Philosophy in Life Essay

Living life to the fullest and helping others achieve the same while being my carefree self is my philosophy. My values to live life by are, to reason with or ask questions about anything and everything, to show others my point of view and persuading them is also important to me, and to accept people for who they are and help them no matter what, that defines who I am. Life is a mystery that everyone unfolds each day, by each passing moment. Asking questions, to me is something I find logical because if a hum being is curious, it wants the answer. During my childhood, when I read books about my religion, so many questions arouse in my head. Asking my parents was the only resource I had to answering my questions and ridding me of my curiosity. The world has changed so much only because people ask so many questions and work hard to find answers, if possible that is. Helping people learn and understand both the questions and answers through my experiences is a joy to me and I live by this philosophy. Answering the many questions is fine, but not everyone agrees with my reasoning. This challenging rivalry, the desire to prove my point to the opponent whether I’m right or wrong is another one of my philosophies. Back in Dubai while I was in Grade 5, I was a participant at a debate, and the topic that I had to talk about was, whether if the introduction of computers into society during this era had a negative effect. Although I was proved wrong by my rival, I stood my ground and got my point across using facts, direct quotations, and my personal drive to prove him wrong. This was not in order to win like most people see it, it was in order to show everyone the flip side of the issue at hand and to educate them about it. Being challenged is my drive to press forward. Proving my point is fun, but taking people’s feelings into consideration is the most important philosophy I live by. Sometimes it angers or upsets people when what they believed in or lived by was wrong. Causing conflict is something I always try to avoid, since I’m a very carefree person who likes to go with the flow and work accordingly. I had to prove to my parents that the career path I chose to pursue was the right choice for me. I convinced them but I also making sure I achieve what they want me to achieve, so that they are happy. As a person who is carefree, I live life as it goes on but I also stop and realise what’s happening around me, learn from it, and share my experiences with people. I prove my point but also accept others opinion so I see how other people view the world and what they think about it. This is how I learn and live life, using these few philosophies of mine.

Advertising strategies of Pepsi-Cola

Advertising strategies of Pepsi-Cola Advertising strategies of Pepsi-ColaPepsi-Cola, produced in 1898, has had relatively successful history with the American society. According to an article titled "Coca-Cola," "Coke lost market share to competitor Pepsi-Cola, produced by PepsiCo, which for the first time topped Coca-Cola in sales" (par. 3). In 1954 an array of advertisements came about beginning with the slogan "The Light Refreshment" which later on incorporated "Refreshing Without Filling". After viewing an array of advertisements from this time period, it is clear that these slogans intended to appeal to upper class, wealthy individuals and women who were concerned with their weight. According to a web article entitled "The Evolution of Pepsi: From Sophistication to Sexiness," "At Pepsi's beginning, the marketers targeted the American woman's concern of enhancing her sophisticated and feminine appeal, reflecting America's idealized notion of beauty" (Reimer, Humble, Seldin). However, in 1984 Pepsi launched their new advertisement tactic "Pepsi.Seldin's, 419 Lafayette St., Utica, N. Y.The Choice of a New Generation" which greatly incorporated the use of sex appeal. Pepsi's main reasoning for this seems to have been that they believed that the society was transforming into a more sex driven place, therefore, incorporating sex would increase product sales. Pepsi's advertising has been geared toward the idea of wealth, weight loss, and the use of sex appeal in order successfully gross large sales for their product, however, they have done so by deceivingly making faulty promises that their product cannot keep.A specific advertisement with the "Light Refreshment" slogan from the year 1960 displays a male and female who appears to be very classy and wealthy. The male is sitting in front of the piano and the female is lustfully pointing her finger towards the male while holding a glass of Pepsi in her hand. One noticeable symbol in the advertisement is the...

The Early Bird Gets the Worm... and Early Risers Get Better Grades

The Early Bird Gets the Worm... and Early Risers Get Better Grades A New York Times article on September 9, 2011, To Earn an ‘A,’ Set the Alarm Clock Early, reported that early morning classes, at least at one college in New York, correlate to higher grades. The professors who conducted the study found a direct relationship between later morning classes and higher incidence of alcohol use. The article did not make it clear whether the morning classes were the cause of the tame nights, or whether students already inclined not to drink were the ones who chose early classes. What was clear is that students with later classes drank more and slept more poorly, albeit for more hours, than did their early bird counterparts.   Apparently their grades suffered. Could an early schedule actually be a cause of sobriety and overall responsibility?   If so, it seems that registering for early morning classes is a good idea for any college student.   Why tempt fate? And perhaps the same rule applies to people in the workforce.   Certainly people who get up at 5am for work every day are unlikely to spend their weeknights pounding shots until 2am. So what about business owners and job seekers?   Those early morning BNI and other networking events might be keeping us on the straight and narrow. I am not a drinker myself, but I do know that when I don’t have early morning appointments I tend to stay up later – working, not playing, but perhaps I would be more productive if I were to go to bed by 10pm and get up at 5am each day, rather than slide into a 1am to 8am sleeping pattern.   Am I hurting my â€Å"grades† by doing that?   I’m starting to wonder. If you are someone who does not have an external force keeping you to a schedule, perhaps it is a good idea to create an early morning appointment of some kind to train you to go to bed at a decent hour.   Some people I know have a mini coaching call with a friend each morning.   Some go to the gym religiously at 7am.   If you knew you would perform better overall by starting early, would you do it? One of my friends and informal coaches keeps telling me I should stop working at night.   I generally haven’t listened to his advice (note:   I wrote this blog at 10pm on a Saturday night).   But I’m going to try an experiment.   This week I am going to go to bed by 11pm every night, and get up at 6am. Will I see a difference in how much I get done, or in how well I do it?   I’ll keep you posted on the results. 😉 Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: September 20, 2011 at 12:45 pm Thanks for your comment Brian! I wonder if there is a societal listening of people who get up early and go to bed early that they are more productive? Clearly some people, like BeeGee, have a different experience of life! One of my challenges is that some of the people I work with send me things to do late at night, and some are in time zones where if I do not respond I lose an entire day of potential communications. Despite my promise to go to bed at 11pm last night, I was up until 11:45 and got up at 6:45. Hey, at least the times started with my promised numbers! And I did get a LOT done this morning from 7-9am. Log in to Reply Karla says: September 20, 2011 at 7:55 pm I agree. I get the most accomplished during the day if I get up early. I dont necessarily love getting up early, but I feel much better about my productivity when I rise early. I also took early morning classes during college and I earned As and Bs. I feel like once I woke up, I was much more alert for my morning classes than in the late afternoon or evening when my energy was dragging. Great post! Log in to Reply

Financial analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial analysis - Case Study Example There are various as to why a firm can be profitable and experience cash flow problems at the same time. This case study will discuss the reasons as to why the firm is experiencing cash problems and provide recommendations on how it can improve its cash flow. Cash flow is the ability of a company to meet its financial obligations. A negative cash flow prevents a company from meeting its debt payments like in the case of Cape Chemicals. It is important for Cape Chemicals to analyze the reasons leading to the negative cash flow while still reporting an increase in the profits. By doing this, it will be able to lower its debt ratio to enable it acquire long term borrowing. The analysis will also be aimed at acquiring a positive cash flow and positive profits. Reasons for the negative cash flows at Cape Chemicals The profit for the company has increased significantly over the last three years due to the increase in the revenue obtained from the increase in sales of chemicals. The new pro duct lines have led to increased production and hence increased sales and revenues. However, despite of the increase in profit, the company has negative cash flow due to increase dependence of loans for its capital expenditure. This means that the cash obtained from the profits and other business income is used in capital expenditure. That is, the company uses all of its liquid cash to pay for loans used in capital expenditure leaving it with a negative cash flow. Cape Chemical is a company which deals with the distribution of dry and liquid chemicals. The main reason as to why the company is profitable but broke is because the company has been servicing loans or purchasing capital equipments. Cape Chemicals has intensely used its cash flows to purchase capital equipments in its bid to add new product lines for the company. The need to increase the capacity of the company has seen the company use most of its cash to purchase new equipments a situation which has drained its cash flow s. An additional chemical product line for the company requires a large sum of money which has drained the firm’s cash supplies. The company has also been serving loans (long term loans) which have been borrowed for the capital requirement reasons. Cape Chemicals used to borrow for its capital requirement until 2006 when the company had reached its bank borrowing limit. The increased borrowing has led to an increase in the debt ratio of the company as shown below Debt ratio 2005 2006 2007 45.45% 58.4% 71.5% The increase in the debt ratio over the three year period is an indication of increase borrowing. The close the ratio is to 100%, the higher is the company depended on borrowings and loans making leading to increase in the total debts and a reduction in the total assets. Capital expenditures are subject to depreciation which reduces the net income and subsequently the profitability of the company. The depreciation expenses associated with the capital expenditure of Cape Ch emical therefore leads to the negative cash flow experienced in the company. Poor collections practice in the company is also responsible for the negative cash flow. For example, according to Stewart, the liberal credit policy in the company had led to increased accounts receivables which then led to the reduction in the