Faith versus Reason in the Human Genome Project :: Essays Papers

Confidence versus Reason in the Human Genome Project Do people reserve the privilege to play God? This inquiry hides as a central point while portraying the target of the Human Genome Project. The Human Genome Project is a global exploration sorted out to portray the genomes of human and chose model life forms through complete mapping and sequencing of their DNA.1 When the portrayal of qualities happens, numerous mechanical discoveries will result. Having a Human Genome Project was imagined in the mid 1980’s. It is relied upon to be finished in 2003. Congress subsidized the Human Genome Project trusting it would prompt cures.2 Although the Human Genome Project has all the earmarks of being engaging and recipient, it has its cynics and adversaries. One specific contention is the subject concerning the Human Genome Project is the topic of confidence versus reason. The advocates accept that the Human Genome Project can just profit individuals by opening the codes of specific infections. A few adversaries have made the conviction th at people could accept the job of God. They feel human lives could be controlled like manikins. The major opponent’s figure by diagnosing sicknesses of acquired attributes, that there will be an impact on points concerning quality improvement, development, and premature birth. Because of the numerous mechanical advances, the Human Genome Project could prompt such an unbelievable marvel as Gene Enhancement. Quality Enhancement can be portrayed as the utilization of hereditary designing to flexibly a trademark that parent may need in a kid that doesn't include the treatment or counteraction of disease.3 By upgrading qualities, researchers could essentially assume the job of God. Defenders of quality upgrade accept that researchers could improve the world a spot. Through upgrade of qualities, guardians can improve their child’s in general prosperity. For instance, if there were a family normal for being short, the specialists would have the option to change the qualities around and make the youngster tall. Human knowledge could definitely improve, prompting an improvement in world conditions. On the off chance that knowledge expanded, there might be potential for innovative advancements. Some, be that as it may, contradict the idea of quality improvement. The adversaries feel that the researchers will have an excess of intensity. They keep on scrutinizing the obligation of doctors adjusting a patient's inheritence.4 They feel the assorted variety God planned to have would inevitably vanish. Guardians would all need their youngsters to have predominant qualities, along these lines prompting a typical bond and rivalry between all kids. Confidence versus Reason in the Human Genome Project :: Essays Papers Confidence versus Reason in the Human Genome Project Do people reserve the privilege to play God? This inquiry hides as a main consideration while portraying the goal of the Human Genome Project. The Human Genome Project is a universal exploration sorted out to describe the genomes of human and chose model life forms through complete mapping and sequencing of their DNA.1 When the portrayal of qualities happens, numerous mechanical achievements will result. Having a Human Genome Project was considered in the mid 1980’s. It is required to be finished in 2003. Congress subsidized the Human Genome Project trusting it would prompt cures.2 Although the Human Genome Project seems, by all accounts, to be engaging and recipient, it has its cynics and rivals. One specific debate is the subject concerning the Human Genome Project is the topic of confidence versus reason. The advocates accept that the Human Genome Project can just profit individuals by opening the codes of specific infections. A few rivals have made the conviction that peop le could accept the job of God. They feel human lives could be controlled like manikins. The major opponent’s figure by diagnosing illnesses of acquired characteristics, that there will be an impact on subjects concerning quality upgrade, development, and fetus removal. Because of the numerous innovative advances, the Human Genome Project could prompt such an unbelievable marvel as Gene Enhancement. Quality Enhancement can be portrayed as the utilization of hereditary building to gracefully a trademark that parent may need in a youngster that doesn't include the treatment or anticipation of disease.3 By improving qualities, researchers could essentially assume the job of God. Advocates of quality improvement accept that researchers could improve the world a spot. Through upgrade of qualities, guardians can improve their child’s in general prosperity. For instance, if there were a family normal for being short, the specialists would have the option to change the qualities around and make the youngster tall. Human knowledge could radically improve, prompting an improvement in world conditions. In the event that insight expanded, there might be potential for innovative forward leaps. Some, notwithstanding, contradict the idea of quality improvement. The rivals feel that the researchers will have a lot of intensity. They keep on scrutinizing the obligation of doctors altering a patient's inheritence.4 They feel the assorted variety God proposed to have would in the long run vanish. Guardians would all need their youngsters to have unrivaled qualities, accordingly prompting a typical bond and rivalry between all kids.

Jean Piaget Essay -- Essays Papers

Jean Piaget Presentation Presently known as one of the pioneers of formative brain science, Jean Piaget at first worked in a wide scope of fields. From the get-go in his profession Piaget contemplated the human organic procedures. These procedures fascinated Piaget so much that he started to consider the domain of human information. From this examination he was resolved to reveal the insider facts of subjective development in people. Jean Piaget’s explore on the development of the human brain in the end lead to the arrangement of the intellectual advancement hypothesis which comprises of three primary segments: plans, digestion and settlement, and the stage model. The hypothesis is most popular for Piaget’s development of the intermittent stage model which depended on his investigation of youngsters and how the procedures and results of their brains create after some time. As indicated by this stage model, there are four degrees of intellectual development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concret e operational, and formal operational. While a considerable measure of therapists by and by decide to hold fast to the builds of the data preparing approach, Piaget’s momentous intellectual improvement see is as yet an important advantage for the part of formative brain science. Regardless of whether Piaget revealed any responses to the secrets of human information is questionable, yet one conviction that couple of debate is that Jean Piaget did without a doubt establish a solid framework for future formative therapists. Recorded Background In 1896 the late spring in Switzerland was only a common, uneventful three months. Notwithstanding, during this common and uneventful range of time, a kid was conceived who might turn into a remarkable formative clinician and satisfy the future with earth shattering occasions in the field of psychological brain science. He was the child of an astute man and a harsh, keen strict lady, and the godchild of regarded epistemologist Samuel Cornut. With such insightful environmental factors, there is little astonishment that Jean Piaget formed into such a canny person. At age eleven, youthful Piaget composed a paper on pale skinned person sparrows and got it distributed. This distributing gave him the chance to meet a man who might end up being exceptionally powerful, Paul Godet, the keeper at the nearby historical center. Youthful Piaget likewise profited profoundly from his renowned secondary school in Neuchatel, alongside the aforementi... ...they themselves are imaginative hypothetical parts. Effect on Society Jean Piaget was the inclining test epistemologist, thanks in some part to Simon and Binet’s work, yet he set the standard that would not be acknowledged by the ethnocentric Americans until they were edgy during the Cold War and chosen to open their eyes and acknowledge his discoveries. When they did this, they executed Piaget’s hypothesis into numerous American educational systems which would have had a substantially more advantageous result had the people pulling the strings actualized the extraordinary man’s work all the more cautiously. However Piaget and his hypothesis have endure and he is named as â€Å"the predominant power in molding the subjective field and perceptual-field theories.† His hypothesis was solid since he set scholarly improvement over the child’s enthusiastic, social, and good advancement since he saw the mind as having impact over these other creating substances. Taking everything into account, Piaget summed up the intellectu al improvement hypothesis best in this announcement: â€Å"My mystery desire is that the speculations one could restrict to my own evil at long last be seen not to repudiate them yet to result from a typical procedure of differentiation.†

How to Accept Your Social Anxiety

How to Accept Your Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Coping Print How to Accept and Stop Controlling Your Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 22, 2020 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Tim Hale Photography / Getty Images If you suffer from social anxiety disorder (SAD), you might be looking for a quick fix that will completely eliminate anxious feelings. If your goal is never to feel anxious again, you will probably leave treatment, feeling as though things havent been fixed. The truth is that most people feel a little anxious in some social and performance situations, and those with SAD will probably always experience some anxiety in those settings. Finding Acceptance With Your Anxiety One of the goals of treatment for social anxiety disorder is to understand that anxious feelings are not the end of the world. Treatments such as Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)Mindfulness-based approaches  Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) teach that your ultimate goal should be to develop a more accepting attitude toward anxiety. Instead of trying to control and eliminate anxious feelings, you should learn how to tolerate them. Find Help With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Imagine that you are giving a speech and feel as though you cant catch your breath. As you overreact to this initial anxious feeling: Your mind starts to raceNegative thoughts spiral out of controlYour thoughts cause further anxious reactions, such as a rapidly beating heartYou soon become overwhelmed Learning to accept feelings of anxiety helps prevent them from spiraling out of control. Instead of thinking, I need to stop this anxiety, I cant deal with it, focus instead on such thoughts as I know I feel a little bit anxious, but that happens sometimes and it will soon pass. It is the fear of fear that starts the cycle of panic. When you let go of the fear, the anxiety gradually lessens. You might still be worried that people will notice your anxiety symptoms even if they dont spiral into a full-blown panic attack. Although this is possible, they probably notice a lot less than you expect. In most cases even if they do notice, they will probably react with feelings of sympathy. If you practice being more accepting of your anxious feelings, over time you will notice that they become less objectionable and that fighting against them seems like an effort. Instead of trying to control your anxious feelings, you will learn to ride the wave of anxiety until it gradually diminishes. Although the process takes time and effort, it is worth the reduction that you will see in your symptoms of social anxiety.

10 Job Tips for New Grads 2019

If youre a new grad starting your first post-college job or a mid-career professional seeking that promotion here are some tips to help you build a strong reputation at work. 1. Listen You were given two ears and one mouth for a reason. When you speak to people at organizations make sure you are the receiver much more than the speaker. This is your opportunity to learn – not give advice. 2. Diversify Often times new grads stick with people their own age. Make sure you get to know others that are older and younger than yourself. Your network should include people from all demographics. 3. Stay out of the cliques Some organizations can feel like high school all over again. Avoid work place cliques by maintaining professional standards of conduct and boundaries. That doesnt mean to be stand-offish, but make sure you do not enter in to gossiping or complaining about other employees or management. It will come back to haunt you. .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0:active, .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5cfc31c24ae23cebd380d5ae107a00c0:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Education Options in Healthcare4. Take personal responsibility for mistakes Most employers understand that mistakes will happen. Its part of the learning and growing process. What employers do not like is when their employees do not take responsibility for their mishaps. Take mistakes seriously and do what you can to rectify them. 5. Take notes Taking notes in meetings and even in one on one conversations is good when you are receiving instructions on a job task. Employers do not want to have to repeat themselves just because you did not take the time to write down their instructions. 6. Avoid social networking and instant messaging It can be tempting to chat with co-workers on instant message or even social networking. These sites are typically monitored closely so do not abuse or overuse them. Its okay if its job related. 7. Keep your word Your word must be bond. The best thing you can do for your reputation at work is to be a person of character and integrity by doing what you say you are going to do when you said you were going to do it. .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d:active, .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u1c6d66b8ee86fe0f9c3e7664c315191d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Key to Your Future is an MBA Degree8. Pay attention to company culture If people typically eat at their desk, dont be the new guy who leaves the office and is gone for an hour. If everyone works a little late, dont be the guy running for the door at quitting time. Pay attention to the company culture. 9. Be open You can always learn something no matter where youre at in your career. Stay open to learning from others who have something to give. 10. Thank people If you get help from people – thank them. Take them out to lunch or send them a little gift. It will go a long way. Also return the favor when you get the chance. People do keep score. Related ArticlesA Masters Degree in Business Administration10 Job Search Rules You Need to BreakTop Internship Mistakes to AvoidA Bachelors Degree in Computer Science Increases Competitiveness for Computer Programming JobsA Career in Accounting Can Really Add UpA Masters Degree in Health Care Management .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705:active, .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705 { transition : background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ufce22cc8d0c67cd7739a2d18df15c705:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Associate Degree in Criminal Justice Online Is That Program Really 'Accredited'

Analysis Of Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal - 998 Words

wift tries a different approach keeping in mind the end goal is to show his concern with how Ireland is being run and the nation’s lack of voice on the best way to eliminate the social issues that are influencing it.Swift starts by taunting and blaming the moms of the children by saying that if they are capable of finding work they should instead of asking for money. Swift, wrote the essay,A Modest Proposal as a sarcastic approach to show people that they are not showing any interest or even coming up with working plans to decrease these social problems, for example, fetus removal, overpopulation, and poorness. Through his terribly twisted idea of savagery to take care of the problems of Ireland he can express what is on his mind. All†¦show more content†¦He talks about how these infants would give nourishment to the general population of Ireland, and also garments since the skin could make commendable gloves for women, and summer boots for fine men of honor (Swift 2 51). He influences his audience to trust that he really assumes that cultivating these poor children will decrease the issues of overpopulation,hunger, destitution, and so much more. Through these sarcastic, yet legitimate, remarks, he is demonstrating his assumption that nobody has had relevant ideas that could help lighten the various social issues that have been devastating Ireland. Swift uses emotion to demonstrate his point is the point at which he is discussing how this framework will really help illuminate the issues of premature birth and marriage. He talks about how this will decrease premature birth rates since ladies will esteem their kids as a source of wage instead of a weight that will cost them more cash that they dont have. Likewise, Swift expresses that men would progress toward becoming as affectionate as their spouses, amid the season of their pregnancy, as they are presently of their female horses in foal, their dairy animals in calf, or sows when they are prepared to farrow (Swift 253) since their wives are currently transferring their source of wage. This is clearly sarcastic in light of the fact that he is implying to those families like they are cultivate creatures and not genuine individuals. He isShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal806 Words   |  4 Pages A Modest Proposal was written in Ireland in 1729 by Jonathan Swift. Swift wrote many satires in this time period, he was not popular due to these. This time period was known as â€Å"The Age of Reason.†(A Modest Proposal) During this time many of the people from Ireland were Roman Catholic. Jobs that were available to them were; agricultural laborers and tenant farmers. â€Å"Landlords or landowners were paid for the crops that were harvested on their land. Workers that harvested these crops were very poorRead MoreAnalysis of Jonathan Swifts Essay A Modest Proposal903 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Swifts 1729 essay A Modest Proposal deals with societal issues contemporary to him and is meant to provide harsh criticism in regard to values promoted by society at the time. The author uses this essay with the purpose of suggesting that he found the solution to financial problems experienced by the Irish during the era. By advising these people to sell their people to wealthy ind ividuals in England, he intends to satirize society by emphasizing the cruel attitudes generally expressedRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Jonathan Swifts Modest Proposal725 Words   |  3 Pagespoor situation and raising children at the time of Irish Potato feminine. In order to change the bad situation, Jonathan Swift wrote â€Å"Modest Proposal† written about his suggestion. I was shocked by reading â€Å"Modest Proposal† because of the gap between the title and contents. The proposal was that people should sell their children for making their life better. The author said that his proposal has six benefits for Irish people. Also, I found that this reading has both negative and positive aspects forRead MoreHumanity versus Inhumanity: An Analysis of Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal1081 Words   |  5 Pagessophisticated proposer, in Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal, the targeted audience, the absentee landlords and parliament of England, and the reade r naturally identify with the proposer. The proposer’s rigorous logic, serious and cynical tone deduces the ghastly proposition of cannibalism for economic, political, moral, and nationalistic gain. However, through the targeted audience’s identification with the proposer, Swift is able to propose the ironic humanity of his satirical proposal and thus indict colonialRead MoreJonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal949 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathan Swift takes place in Dublin Ireland in the 18th century. The narrator is a very ironic character. His â€Å"modest† proposal is anything but modest. This short story takes place during a famine. Since there was a famine, Swift proposes the idea that people sell their one year old children to the rich so they would not be a burden to their family. One important way in which the author engages the audience’s attention and tries to help his readers see deeper politicalRead MoreA Modest Proposal Analysis Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesA Modest Proposal Literary Analysis By J--- ----------- J--- ----------- Mr. H----- Period 6 2 May 2011 Jonathan Swift’s Use of Satire and Exaggeration Satire is a form of literature in which an author tries to demonstrate his or her point of view by ridiculing. The author uses heavy irony and sarcasm in order to criticize a social issue. A perfect example of a work of satire is Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal. In this satirical essay, Jonathan Swift attacks on the issue of theRead MoreSimilarities between Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail and Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal1358 Words   |  6 Pages Even the most cursory analysis of Letter From Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King, Jr. and A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift reveals glaring differences between the two essays. Surprisingly, a side-by-side comparison also yields many similarities between the two works. The most obvious similarity between the two essays is the overarching theme of the subject matter. In both essays, the writers address deeply-entrenched social injustices. For example, in Letter From Birmingham JailRead MoreJonathan Swift Satire Analysis1108 Words   |  5 Pagesomparing Irony In both Mark Twain and Jonathan Swift’s articles there is an effective use of irony. Irony in satirical writing is normally used for the speaker to convey the opposite intended meaning to which they are stating; along with antiphrasis, the use of a word when the opposite meaning is implied, irony makes a valuable asset to satirical literature. The sarcastic use of irony was input to both readings to express the writer’s disappointment towards their societies teachings during theirRead MoreJonathan Swift s A Modest Proposal1809 Words   |  8 PagesJonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a satirical essay that sardonically uses an outrageous solution to the massive poverty in Ireland. He proposes this lengthy idea of eating children as the solution to the society’s problems. His serious yet hyperbolic and satirical style allows Swift an approach to get people engaged in the difficulties the Irish had to do to survive their everyday life. This essay explores Swift’s ability to use literary devices and how these techniques advance his idea aboutRead MoreIt Feels Miserable Without You†¦Almost Like Having You Here1221 Words   |  5 Pageswas found using it, they would be put to death by fire (Roman). Among those who have strong influences, Jonathan Swift wrote a wonderful explanation of satire in his preface to The Battle of the Books. He describes satire as a type of glass; the people looking in typically discover all other personage’s face except their own (Swift). Although it has some of its own hidden satirical elements, Swift’s explanation is a wonderful example of what satire has to offer. There is a probable assumption that

International Economics and Australia Free Essays

A PESTEL analysis of the Australian market Australia is the 15th richest nation in per capita terms and is the 6th oldest continuously functioning democracy in the world. Australia has the 14th biggest overall economy in the world and the 9th biggest economy. Australia’s economy is open and innovative. We will write a custom essay sample on International: Economics and Australia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Over the past decade solid productivity gains have been accompanied by low inflation and interest rates. Also Australia has low barrieirs to trade and investment . Australia foreign and trade policies promote the security and long term prosperity of Australia in a global context. Australia’s economy is highly susceptible to the impact of climate change. In 2008 the Australian Government committed to create an organization called â€Å"Infrastructure Australia† to provide a new national approach to planning ,implementing and funding the nations future. Being a safe, stable and prosperous country Australia is an increasingly attractive hub for international and regional business and business operations. According to recent survey it can be said that Australia’s economic success in the last century was based on its abundant agricultural, mineral and fuels resources. Numerous factors have contributed to this development Informations and communications technology is a key driver in economic growth,other factors such as advances in travel,exchanging of ideas,broader accces to standards to educations etc have also contributed to this success. Australia’s ICT market is worth an estimated $89 billion with more almost 25,000 companies employing 236000 IT specialists Political environment In Australia, it is a liberal-capitalistic democracy. The state keeps interfering substantially in the economy through the use of various roles; for instance the parliament might decide to set up importation taxes aimed to protect the national economy, or it might create environmental protection laws aimed to protect the natural heritage of the country. This affects international business because when taxes keep varying and increasing especially there will be an impact on the economy which in turn will affect the exchange rates and currency rate. Also according to the present situation as mentioned in The Australian Financial Review 2010: there is  fear that the hung parliament will negatively affect the economy. Australia’s rate of economic growth slowed down between July and September as the high value of the Australian dollar dug into export earnings. The country’s gross domestic product rose just 0. 2% during the third quarter period, down from growth of 1. 1% between April and June. Analysts deduced that Australian consumers were also hit by higher interest rates. However, the Australian economy is set to continue to grow, led by demand from China for its raw materials. According to Michael Blythe, chief economist at the Commonwealth Bank, the latest economic growth figure was a â€Å"disappointing outcome . Since Australia is helped by its vast exports of iron ore and other raw materials, it has avoided recession for 19 years. One of the country’s largest iron ore producers is the Anglo-Australian group Rio Tinto, which is increasing production, has announced $7. 2bn in new investment in the region since July 2010. According to surveys Australia’s economy continued to gather pace in March as world demand for commodities boosted the nation’s coffers. However due to recent uncertainty from the European debt crisis could lower expectations of economic growth in the future. Economic Environment Australia is an island continent in the Southern Hemisphere, lying between Antarctica and Asia. It is surrounded by the Indian Ocean to the west; the Timor, Arafura, and Coral Seas to the north; the Pacific Ocean to the east; and the Tasman Sea and Southern Ocean to the south. In other words its placement is a added advantage to business because when it comes to export and import, Australia is like a commuting place. Much of the continent is low, flat, and dry. The area of the continent is 2. 97 million square miles and the population is roughly 20 million Due to the harsh physical environment has encouraged people to remain close to the fertile coastal areas as a result urban and rural dwellers articulate different economic and social interests. Personal home ownership is a common goal, and the nation has one of the highest home ownership rates in the world. Therefore architecture and real estate business has a good scope in Australia. Australians are among the world leaders in fast-food consumption, fast food outlets are a plenty, beverages snacks and fast food companies have a recognized name in Australia and other countries because Australian chefs are known worldwide for their â€Å"fusion cuisine† Australia is a major regional financial centre and a vital cog in the global financial system. The Australian Stock exchange and the Sydney Futures exchange merged in 2006 to form the world’s 8th largest listed exchange. Australia has one of the highest percentages of shareholders in the world. Share market is one of the main aspects in international business and since the amount of people who invest in shares in Australia is high international business is also promoted really well. Trade has always been a vital component in Australia’s economic prosperity. The hallmarks of its trading success have been strong infrastructure and stable institutions. A skilled workforce, rich resources and a good agricultural base are added benefits. The goods and services tax (GST) is levied at 10 percent and applies to almost all goods and services transactions across the economy. Besides that there is only a flat corporate tax of 30 percent. When there was little scope for industrial or commercial enterprises, the pastoral industry became a key force in economic development. In particular, growth in the wool advanced rest of the economy. Gold surpassed wool as the nation’s major export in the 1850s and 1860s, resulting in a rapid expansion of banking and commerce. A move toward privatization at the state and commonwealth levels of government has been gaining momentum since the early 1980s. Some states, such as Victoria, have embraced this move much more than others have. Australia is highly integrated into the global capitalist economy. The economy is strong in the service sector in relation to goods-producing industries which include agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, manufacturing, construction, and energy. It contributed around 31 percent of gross domestic product during the mid-1990s, whereas on the other hand the services industries contributed 60 percent. Goods-producing industries provided around a quarter of employment, with the rest provided by service industries. In 1996 and 1997, manufacturing was the most significant sector. In 1996 and 1997, manufacturing was the most significant sector. Another major contributor was the property and business services industry. Primary industries in mining and agriculture are of key economic importance. The development of large mines in some remote regions has been associated with the establishment of towns and increased employment. In order of economic significance, Australia’s current major trading partners include the United States, Japan, China, United Kingdom, , and New Zealand. Australia is one of the world’s largest exporters of wool, meat, and wheat. Australia is a major supplier of sugar, dairy products, fruits, cotton, and rice. The above being the export of Australia the imports are passenger motor vehicles, telecommunications equipment, and crude petroleum oils. Australia is increasingly shifting toward an information economy that relies on a high-skill base. Thus, the workers most at risk of unemployment are laborers, factory workers, and those who learn their skills on the job. Highly skilled managers, medical practitioners, teachers, computer professionals, and electricians have the lowest risk of unemployment. Social environment Australia is a nation officially committed to ethnic and racial inclusiveness. For much of the nation’s history, there has been a focus on assimilating different cultural groups into the dominant British Australian traditions. Australia is a collectivity of diverse peoples living in a relatively young society. However, the divisions within the nation continue to find expression in public life, arising from social differences in race, ethnicity, social class, and gender. Although the impact of environmental variation is highly evident in the traditional cultures of indigenous Australians, it has not been as strong a factor in immigrant cultures. The most significant lifestyle differences are affected primarily by variations in climate. Australia has six states ,Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales, Queensland, and two territories ,the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory, majority of the population lives in urban areas around the coast. . The dominant language since colonization has been English, with little multi-lingualism among the majority population. Australia’s culture can be more likely said to be cosmopolitan. Factors that have shaped the national culture include the early small female population relative to that of men, which is said to have laid the foundations for a widespread ideology of mateship. The involvement of Australian and New Zealand troops in World War I has been characterized as the symbolic birth of the nation. Australia is a modern trading nation and it is a diversified and reliable supplier of high quality goods and services to over 200 countries with a sophisticated import market for products from all over the world. The main reason for all this is the due to Australia’s dynamic and efficient sea and air ports along the extensive coastline which allows massive amounts of iron ore, coal and array of other natural resources to be shipped. Technological Environment; The benefits of e-commerce to the economy in terms of reduced costs, higher quality, new products and larger markets are significant highlights in a country’s international business. Recent surveys show an increase in national output, real investment, consumption, real wages and employment. Australia is one of the world’s most connected countries, estimated revenues of business-to-business e-commerce in Australia for 2000 was over US$2. 3 billion, ranking higher than Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore. Regions or regionally based businesses are more likely to succeed in the global market if they are major investors in new technology, export focused and competent in the use of IT and e-commerce. Mobile banking. Information and communications technology is a key driver of Australia’s strong economic growth and innovation. Based on this technology is most of Australia’s high budget business. Since in today’s world time factor is one of the most important factors in man’s life and time management is one of the key factors that most business magnets fail. Information technology is like a boon to all these people because it does half the work a particular individual has to do, man power is substantially balanced whereas if a man had to do each and every thing in a international business it would take ages for him to get through to all of that. For eg†¦In Australia and most European countries computerized systems are looming up in supermarkets, petrol stations, malls, banks etc. The technological background in Australia is one of its advantages when it comes to international business according to reports and business publications. Internet and e-commerce have boosted the international competitiveness of Australian businesses. Many Australian firms are now using internet technology to expand into new foreign markets, almost all of the enterprises are increasingly using e-commerce because it only requires low overheads and comparatively less initial outlay of capital but leading to a fast turnover on investment. According to surveys about 94 per cent of large businesses and 60 per cent of medium businesses in Australia had a website in 2006, while there was over 37 per cent of online purchase in all types of business. The percentage of all businesses receiving orders online in the same period was 21 per cent. In 2006–07, out of the 11. 3 million people who accessed the internet in Australia, 61 per cent used the internet to for online purchase or to order goods and services. Income for Australian business from internet increased from $24. 3 billion in 2002-03 to $56. billion in 2005-06 Legal Background Australian assistance gives priority to law enforcement, intelligence cooperation,transport security ,legal frameworks,countering terrorist financing and preventing terrorists access to nuclear materials. Australia has a sound and practical structure of financial regulations and institutions that provides certainty for business and is open to investment without undue delay. This is a ad vantage when it comes to international business because it makes investors more comfortable in relying and in turn make large investments. Even for investors and businessmen from other countries Australia’s business law is flexible and makes the procedure of opening up a business simple and easy to achieve for one and all. There is a strong, transparent governance system along with business oriented regulation and insolvency regimes. According to the World Bank a new business can be established in Australia within two days compared with an average of 20 days in most of the other countries. Need an essay? You can  buy essay help  from us today! Introduction The country analysis report on Australia provides a wide array of analytical inputs to analyze the country’s performance, and the objective is to help the reader to make business decisions and prepare for the future. The report on Australia analyzes the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental (PESTLE) structure of Australia. The report provides a holistic view of Australia from historical, current and future perspective. Insightful analysis on critical current and future issues is presented through detailed SCPT (strengths, challenges, prospects and threats /risks) analysis for each of the PESTLE segments. In addition, the PESTLE segments are supplemented with relevant quantitative data to support trend analysis. The PESTLE country analysis report series provides an in-depth analysis of 50 major countries. Features and Benefits – Understanding gained from the country analysis report on Australia can be used to plan business investments or market entry apart from a holistic view of the country. – Political section on Australia provides inputs about the political system, key figures in the country, and governance indicators. Economic section on Australia outlines the economic story of the country to provide a balanced assessment on core macro-economic issues. – Social section on Australia enables understanding of customer demographics through the income distribution, rural-urban segmentation and centers of affluence, healthcare and educational scenario in the country. – Technological section on Australia provides strategic inputs on information communications and technology, technological laws and policies, technological gaps, patents data and relevant laws. Legal section on Australia provides information about the legal structure, corporate laws, business set-up procedures and the tax regime. – Environmental section provides information on environmental policies in Australia and the performance in terms of important environmental indicators. Highlights PESTLE analysis of Australia identifies issues that affect the country’s performance through the prism of current strengths (strengths), current challenges (weaknesses), future prospects (opportunities) and future risks (threats). The political landscape discusses the evolution of the political scenario in Australia in different periods. The economic, social, foreign and defense policies are considered in the political landscape section. It also discusses the performance of the country as per World Bank Governance Indicators. The economic landscape describes the evolution of the economy of Australia in different periods. It also examines the country’s performance in terms of GDP growth, composition by sector (agriculture, industry and services), fiscal situation, international investment position, monetary situation, credit disbursement, banking sector and employment. The economic landscape also explains the financial system in the country, especially with regard to financial authorities/regulators. The social landscape covers the demographics, education and healthcare scenario in Australia. The social welfare policies of the government along with the country’s performance in terms of healthcare, income distribution and education are also provided. The technological landscape discusses the structure and policies in terms of Intellectual property, research development, technology agreements/pacts; and policies related to the promotion of technology in Australia. The legal landscape examines the structure of the judicial system, legislation affecting businesses, tax regulations, labor laws, trade regulations and corporate governance in Australia. The environmental landscape in Australia discusses the environmental regulations and policies of the country. The performance of the country in terms of in terms of environmental indicators and impact of environmental policies is also examined. â€Å"The Australian economy grew at a CAGR of more than 3% a year during 1991–2008, but then slumped to 1. 3% in 2009. The economy was unaffected by the global slowdown in 2001, and grew at a significant rate of 2. %. The economic growth rate did not significantly decline even when the country was hit by the worst drought in its history in 2003, as it dropped from 3. 6% in 2002 to 3. 5% in 2003. The buoyant growth was driven by sound macroeconomic policies and fiscal prudence. The growth rate increased to 3. 8% in 2007 from 3. 0% in 2006. However, the growth momentum decelerated to 2. 3% in 2008 because of the global financial slowdown, and then slowed further to 1. 3% in 2009. Following this, 2010 saw the economy rebound with growth of 3. 0%. According to Datamonitor’s forecast, the economy is expected to grow by 3. 5% in 2011. â€Å" Your key questions answered – What is the outlook in terms of political stability, policies towards businesses, external front and popularity of government in Australia? – What is the economic performance of Australia in terms of GDP growth, fiscal situation, international investment position, monetary situation, credit disbursement, and employment among other economic indicators? – What is the performance of Australia in terms of healthcare, income distribution and education? – What is the performance of Australia in technology intensive sectors like telecommunications and information technology, patents and RD expenditure trends? What is the legal structure in Australia and are the laws conducive for investment? – What is the performance of Australia in terms of environmental indicators and impact of environmental policies? ———————————————†”- How to Create a Pestle Analysis Template 15DEC The  PESTLE analysis  is the analysis of the environment as a whole in which abusiness  operates or tends to offer its trade. These are systematic factors that are beyond ones control and businesses need to chart out strategies keeping the results in view to peacefully coexist and keep on gaining revenues despite the concurrent situation. It is of utmost importance to understand in depth the meaning of  PESTLE  and how every letter of the acronym represents an important aspect of the environment your business is in. PESTLE stands for: * P for Political * E for Economic * S for Social * T for Technological * L for Legal * E for Environmental The political factors account for all the political activities that go on within a country and if any external force might tip the scales in a certain way. They analyze the political temperament and the policies that a government may put in place for some effect. For example, the fiscal policy, trade tariffs and taxes are those things that a government levies on traders and organizations and they greatly alter the revenue that is earned by those companies. The economic factors take into view the economic condition prevalent in the country and if the global economic scenarios might make it shift or not. These include the inflation rates, foreign exchange rates, interest rates etc. All these can affect the supply and demand cycle and can result in major changes of the business environment. Social factors have to do with the social mindset of the people that live in a certain country. This sums up the aspect of culture, age demographics, gender and its related stereotypes, at times this analysis has to include the religious factors (when pertaining to products or services of a different kind). Technological factors take into consideration the rate at which technology is advancing and how much integration does a company needs to have with it. Legal factors have to do with all the legislative and procedural components in an economy. Also, this takes into account certain standards that your business might have to meet in order to start production/promotion. Environmental factors have to do with geographical locations and other related environmental factors that may influence upon the nature of the trade you’re in. For example, agri-businesses hugely depend on this form of analysis. PESTLE analysis template This is a  template  that allows a company to understand what basics are required to conduct the analysis onto the environment. It combines all the representative factors in one table, and then you need to analyze based on the current market situation. Here is a comprehensive list of headings that one must look toward while carrying out the analysis on a market. . Political factors: * Trading policies * Government changes * Shareholder and their demands * Funding, * Governmental leadership * Lobbying * Foreign pressures * Conflicts in the political arena 2. Economic factors: * Disposable income * Unemployment level * Foreign exchange rates * Interest rates * Trade tariffs * Inflation rate * Foreign economic trends * General taxation issues * Taxation changes specific to product/services * Local economic situation and trends 3. Social factors: * Ethnic/religious factors * Advertising scenarios * Ethical issues * Consumer buying patterns Major world events * Buying access * Shifts in population * Demographics * Health * Consumer opinions and attitudes * Views of the media * Law changes affecting social factors * Change in Lifestyle * Brand preferences * Working attitude of people * Education * Trends * History 4. Technological factors: * Technological development * Research and development * Trends in global technological advancements * Associated technologies * Legislations in technological fields * Patents * Licensing * Access into the technological field * Consumer preferences * Consumer buying trends Intellectual property and its laws * How mature a certain technology is * Information technology * Communication 5. Legal factors: * Employment law * Consumer protection * Industry-specific regulations * Competitive regulations * Current legislation home market * Future legislation * Regulatory bodies and their processes * Environmental regulations 6. Environmental factors: * Ecological * Environmental issues * International * National * Stakeholder/ investor values * Staff attitudes * Management style * Environmental regulations * Customer values * Market value How to cite International: Economics and Australia, Essay examples

In Todays World The Bounds Of Information Technology Are Being Pushed Essay Example For Students

In Todays World The Bounds Of Information Technology Are Being Pushed Essay In todays world the bounds of information technology are being pushed further and further every day. With Local Area Networks spanning into WorldWide Area Networks and globalization happening to every small business with a connection to the Internet the need for alternatives is growing. Technology and hardware are increasing faster than people with the skills to support them are. With this the ways to connect and expand into the Internet are improving as well as the speed of connections. There are many ways to gain access onto todays Internet and discussed here are going to be three common ways such as the modem, the cable modem and Microsofts WebTV. These three describe represent the novice, the intermediate, and the advanced. One of the most common ways to connect to the Internet is the modem or the dial-up adapter. It is the most prevalent of the three and was one of the first pieces of hardware used to connect to the Internet. The modem is very similar to a telephone in which the computer when instructed will dial up a telephone number given to you by your ISP (Internet Service Provider) and establish a connection between you and your provider allowing you access to the Internet. The modem has made some advances from its initial stages and had managed to increase its downloading speeds, commonly used when browsing and its uploading speeds used more often when sending Email. Currently the modem is reaching its pinnacle as speeds are reached at around 56 Kilobytes per second which is for download only and the uploads are at a more modest 28.8K or 33.6K. Unfortunately top speeds in the United States will be initially limited to 53K because of FCC regulations. The FCC does not actually limit modem speeds rather it limits the amount of power that can be sent through the phone line. In order to prevent interference with other electrical devices the FCC places limitations not on the modem but on the server equipment at the online service or ISP your dialing into. Its possible that the FCC may grant a waiver in the future that would allow speeds of 56K or higher in the United States. The modem aside from disadvantages mentioned above also has more competition than it had in the past, with more and more people entering the world wide web there are more web sites available that contain heavy graphics and a lot of detail. As web sites become more complex the greater the amount of information that needs to be sent to the user becomes. Visiting a web site thats rich in graphics on a 56K modem at the best can still take quite a bit of time. So the need for greater speed and ways to gain access at a quicker rate is becoming more and more apparent everyday. These minor disadvantages are a nuisance, but they wont prevent most people from using the technology besides not everyone needs or wants to be connected to the internet at rates faster than what a modem can handle. There are advantages to using the modem, one of these I name the cardboard box. Any personal computer package purchased today unless otherwise specified comes with a modem this is mainly due to inexpensive prices and the demand for access. The modem is also great because it covers all users from the novice to the advanced and can meet almost all of their needs. With its ease of use and high demand the modem even with faster and better technology out there will still be a factor in todays market. Another piece of technology thats quickly growing is the cable modem an alternative to the slower 56K modem which is using the coaxial cable used for you cable instead of your telephone line. The cable modem is a little bit more complexes compared to that of the standard modem and requires additional hardware as well. The term modem is a little misleading considering that it actually does more than just receive cable signals. Cable modems also incorporate a tuner (to separate the data signal from the rest of the broadcast stream); parts from network adapters, bridges, and routers (to connect to multiple computers); network-management software agents (so the cable company can control and monitor its operations); and encryption devices (so your data isnt intercepted or sent someplace else by mistake). (Internet Access, FAQs)The cable modem also requires additional hardware, not only do you need to lease or buy the cable modem but also purchase a NIC or network interface card. Each cabl e modem has a port that connects to the computer on one side and to the cable connection on the other. You would use your standard Ethernet cable or Category 5 cable and connect the two via the Ethernet ports found on both the modem and the NIC. As far as your PC is concerned, its hooked directly to the Internet via an Ethernet cable. There are no phone numbers to dial and no limitations on serial-port throughput (as is the case with ISDN modems). What you do get is lots of speed: Download varies from 500 Kbps to 30 Mbps, while uploads can, potentially, range from 96 Kbps to 10 Mbps. (Cable Datacom News, Cable FAQs)The real fascinating part about cable modems is that they can coexist with your television, that you can watch television and be on the Internet at the same time. This would be the equivalent to talking on the telephone and dialing up to your ISP at the same time something that cannot occur on the same line. In each community, cable operators install a head end that recei ves both satellite and broadcast TV signals. Coaxial cable carries these signals to each subscribers home. Depending on the number of homes and the distance between them, the operator may need to install amplifiers and filters to maintain signal strength. Typical cable systems serve between 500 to 2,500 homes on one line. Because the cable is broadband, it carries multiple signals, or channels. Most of these channels are devoted to TV programs, although many cable operators also carry radio stations. A TV channel occupies 6 MHz of the spectrum, and sometimes cable operators multiplex several channels into one. If the cable system were used strictly for data, it could deliver gigabytes of that data per second over hundreds of individual networks. Essay White Privilege And Male Privilege Essay? Users often get lost within a single page: there is no way of knowing how far one has scrolled down the page or what other information is on the page. ? Once the user had scrolled down the page, it is a lot of work to get back to the top of the page. (WebTV Usability Review, J. Nielson)Finally, after WebTV offers you this package they dont offer you the keyboard unless youre willing to pay an additional 60 dollars. The remote had capabilities to type but unless youre willing to scroll through the alphabet picking each individual letter as you go along then the keyboard is a must. WebTV is for the very novice user without a computer and in the long run is probably not going to meet your expectations for the Internet. In conclusion the three methods to connect to the Internet such as WebTV, the modem and the cable modem represent in general the three common users the novice, the intermediate and the advanced. These arent the only ways to connect to the Internet but these are three of the most widely seen for individuals. The most important thing to remember when choosing which method you want for access is to think about what your needs are. What is your purpose and interest in the Internet? How much time do you plan on spending there? The three methods I discussed above show what kind of user you may be, if youre not very familiar with the Internet or a computer maybe WebTV is the right choice. On the other end if you plan on surfing the web for hours at a time or plan to host a web server maybe the cable modem is a better choice. It really comes down to preferences and what you the user really wants. BibliographySorry none really most of it came from my head I suggest pulling stuff off the internet and making up a bibliography

Production of Acetone from isopropyl alcohol

Introduction Acetone is one of the most widely used solvents in the world and can be used as an intermediate for several commercial products such as acrylic plastic, bisphenol, polycarbonates and epoxy resin, paints, and adhesives among others. According to Tremoulet et al. (Para 2), Acetone is often a by-product of phenol, with scientists capable of producing acetone from a variety of materials including propylene, cumene, and isopropanol.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Production of Acetone from isopropyl alcohol specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In industrial production acetone is an organic compound with a chemical formula of (CH3)2CO. Tremoulet et al. affirm that during production of cumene, â€Å"hydro peroxide generated from this process undergoes slicing to engender phenol and acetone† (Para 2). Where scientists require a high concentration of high-purity acetone, they can undertake Catalytic dehy drogenation of isopropanol as a substitute method to manufacturing acetone. As a fresh engineer and based on knowledge in chemical engineering, this paper seeks to design an acetone plant that produces 50 thousand tons per year from isopropyl alcohol. Problem Statement For several decades, scientists have consistently tried to incorporate knowledge to individuals on how to produce simple acetone, with the importance of acetone becoming widely known. A research documented by Rahman indicates, â€Å"The catalytic hydrogenation of acetone is an important area of catalytic process to produce fine chemicals† (113). The fine chemicals are useful since the form key element in the conversion of liquid or gaseous fuels as well as having important application in the heat pumps. Typically, scientists have developed vast number of homogeneous complexes and heterogeneous catalysts that have existed until the date for the production fine chemicals, with little knowledge existing in the pro duction of acetone using isopropyl alcohol (IARC 479). For this reason therefore, this paper seeks to provide a comprehensive report on the chemical production of acetone using isopropyl alcohol as the main material. Physical properties of all components Acetone is an organic compound having several physical properties during the entire process of production. Following the procedure in the production of acetone, the several materials emerge during and after the production. To begin with, in the feed drum there are normally three materials in this mixture.Advertising Looking for report on chemistry? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The mixtures found in the feed drum as described in the production process entail recycle stream, water, and isopropyl alcohol. This mixture has a number of physical properties noted as colourless, moveable, with mildly pungent smell and liquid in nature (IARC 481). The mixture goes through all other procedures including processes in the vaporizer, heater and reactor the mixture maintains similar physical characteristics. However, flammability of the mixture is eminent throughout the process and engineers should take caution during the chemical production of acetone. In the final process, the mixture produces acetone, as the final product and this liquid possesses characteristics such as colorlessness, mobility, flammability, and pungency in its smell. Production process and alternative processes In the process of producing acetone-using isopropyl alcohol, several processes are inclusive in this procedure. Since the advent of discovery of production of acetone, several Chemical Engineering processes and procedures have emerged with a range of materials proving imperative. As mentioned before, acetone can result from the chemical reaction of several materials. Laboratory production of Acetone can use isopropyl alcohol as the reactant; can use oxidation of Propylene process, oxida tion of Butanol, oxidation of Isopropyl Benzene as well as Dehydrogenation of Isopropanol (Arda et al. 8). During the production or engineering process of acetone, all chemical reactions involved are essential to produce fine acetone, which is useful commonly as a solvent. To understand the chemical production of acetone, this study provides the entire engineering process of acetone from isopropyl alcohol using â€Å"feed drum, vaporizer, heater, reactor, furnace, cooler, condenser, flash unit, scrubber, acetone and IPA columns† (Arda et al. 10). The study will also provide a diagrammatic presentation of the process. Production process In common processes, original invention of acetone instigates in the feed drum where mixing of feed including isopropyl alcohol, water, and recycle stream takes place. Vigorous mixing of these feeds (components) leads to a substantial reaction. From the feed drum, the mixture goes to another important stage, where the vaporizer provides room fo r further chemical reaction (Arda et al. 11).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Production of Acetone from isopropyl alcohol specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The mixture in the vaporizer changes the streams phase into vapor. After undergoing the necessary procedures required in the vaporizer, the mixture undergoes another important phase in the heater. In the heater chamber, the mixture undergoes vigorous heating to enhance reaction through subjecting the mixture to higher temperatures. Reactor is another important section, where this section provides tubular flow reaction. In the reactor, the process is capable of achieving two products namely, Acetone, hydrogen gas, while isopropyl and water undergo discharging. A concentrated mixture comprising of hydrogen, water, acetone, and isopropyl-alcohol proceeds to the cooler and then further to the condenser unit before it proceeds to the flash unit. In the flash unit Hydrogen, acetone, isopropyl-alcohol and water form the top product. The top product comprising of acetone proceeds to another important procedure in the scrubber. In the scrubber chamber, the main purpose is to separate hydrogen gas from the mixture. Thereafter, the bottom product produced in the flash unit comprising of water, isopropyl alcohol, and acetone is mixed with the bottom product from the scrubber in the acetone column. In the acetone column, the reaction produces acetone from the top product with almost 99-wtpercentage isopropyl and water (Arda et al. 7). 0.1% of acetone then proceeds to isopropyl alcohol column from the bottom product. Finally, the top product of the isopropyl column is taken to the feed drum. The remaining part of mixture (residue) found, popularly referred as bottom product, remains as dissipate of the reaction. The following is the general formulae for the reactions in the production of acetone using isopropyl alcohol. Advertising Looking for report on chemistry? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The production of acetone Discussion of the production process In the feed drum: A feed is a tank like object used in the mixing of the recycle stream and the feed stream. The mixture ran at a temperature of 25 Degrees Celsius in the feed stream, which the engineers assumed it was constant. The temperature in the recycle stream used was about 110 degrees Celsius. In the vaporizer: to reduce the chemical reaction speed necessary in the fine production acetone, it was important to consider the use of salt. Engineers used similar temperature of the mixture leaving the feed drum to maintain the reaction in the vaporizer. The mixture undergoes several chemical reactions to produce the product known as acetone. Kinetic data of the reactions During the chemical production process of acetone energy consumption and the rate of consumption are important factors considered in a bid to obtain fine acetone. This report adopted the kinetic energy data provided by (Arda et al. 15) to explain the e nergy consumption of the process. This part covered energy data consumed in the Feed Drum, where the process begins to the isopropyl-alcohol column, where the process ends. Other related processes (Chemical processes) Oxidation of Propylene-as postulated before, several other processes can be useful in production of acetone. Production of acetone can involve oxidation of Propylene. In normal occasions, a process for production of acetone by direct oxidation of propylene, involves the oxidation process by air. The process principally involves a solution of copper chloride with small quantities of palladium chloride mixed in the air to produce acetone. Chemical formulae: C3H6 + 1/2O2 —–CH3COCH3 Oxidation of Butanol- chemical engineers can as well produce acetone from a process of oxidation of Butanol. Rahman asserts, â€Å"The solvent used methanol, ethanol, propanol; n-butanol, ethylene glycol; propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol are useful solvents for hydrogenation reactions† (120). According to Arda et al., catalytic oxidation of butane by using cobalt and manganese acetate produces acetic acid under a temperature rate of 150-225 degrees Celsius, where butane undergoes oxidation to produce acetone of almost 75-80% yield (18). Chemical formulae: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 + O2——-CH3COOH + CH3COCH Oxidation of Isopropyl Benzene (Cumene) – Cumene is an organic compound produced from an integrated process of producing phenol. Production of phenol further involves, â€Å"alkylation of benzene with propene to obtain cumene, oxidation of cumene to cumene hydro peroxide, acid cleavage of cumene hydro peroxide to produce phenol and acetone† (Rahman 114). According to the explanation given by Arda et al. (21), cumene is simply a product obtained from synthesis of propylene and benzene and oxidation of the product to produce acetone and phenol. Dehydrogenation of Isopropanol- Another important method of obtaining acetone is dehydrogenation of Isopropanol. Rahman postulates, â€Å"Isopropanol is widely regarded as an essential commodity in fine chemical synthesis which is used as a solvent in the industry and academia† (113). Normally, hydrogenation of acetone leads to production of Isopropanol, and the vice versa is that dehydrogenation of Isopropanol produces acetone. The catalyst used in this process is Zinc Oxide (ZnO) (IARC 483). The following is the chemical formulae for dehydrogenation of Isopropanol. Chemical formulae: (CH3)2CHOH ——(CH3)3CO + H2 Safety and environment concerns It is important to consider personal health and environmental safety concerns while undertaking chemical production of acetone. Acetone is a chemical like any other and there are possibilities of causing harm to human beings, animals and the entire flora and fauna (Tremoulet et al. Para 6). All chemicals used in the production of acetone comprise of some caution notices, which engi neers of acetone should follow strictly to avoid explosive reactions. In special attention, engineers should ensure that they prevent contamination of soil, drains and surface water. According to Arda et al. (17), engineers interested in the production of acetone should strictly adhere to all industrial principles governing the production and consumption of chemicals including handling and storing of hazardous chemicals. Acetone forms explosive mixtures with air and is extremely explosive and users of this chemical should remain keen throughout. Engineers should address any accidental inhalation or suffocation and any accidental cases with any first aid before considering seeking health assistance from physicians. Preliminary cost of the materials For engineers to engage in the production of acetone, it is imperative to consider the preliminary cost of production. However, the cost of producing acetone depends entirely on the amount of acetone produced. The major aim of preferring t o produce more attractive and affordable acetone in the market was to employ the use of isopropyl alcohol in producing acetone (Rahman 118). The production of acetone using isopropyl alcohol must be in a position to demonstrate the aspect of saving. Several materials and chemicals were useful and mandatory for the successful production of acetone. In a bid to determine the overall production cost of acetone for this project, this study employed a program costing technique known as CAPCOST to estimate the price of equipment employed. The following table provides a detailed cost data for the production of acetone of this study as adopted from an empirical study by Tremoulet et al. Total Production cost for acetone using isopropyl alcohol Item description Cost of the item Reactor Bare Module $204,300 Heat Exchanger Bare Module $96,500 Fired Heater Bare Module $234,200 Pump Bare Module $73,100 Vessel Bare Module $9,600 Bare Module Cost of Reaction Side $617,700 Catalyst $68,200 Total $496,100 Summary of the literature review Acetone is an organic compound produced using different chemical methods. However, this study dealt with the chemical production of acetone using isopropyl alcohol, which is an essential component in the production of acetone. Acetone is one of the most widely used solvents in the world and can be used as intermediate for several commercial products such as acrylic plastic, bisphenol, polycarbonates and epoxy resin, paints and adhesives, etc. In other places, acetone has been useful in nurturing women beauty, where women have used acetone in removing nail cuticles (Tremoulet et al. Para 7). Acetone is often a by-product of phenol, with scientists capable of producing acetone from a variety of materials including propylene, cumene, and isopropanol. Acetone production involves several chemical and physical processes including heating, vaporizing, reacting, cooling, condensing, flashing, heating and scrubbing. Production of acetone begins in the feed drum and ends in the isopropyl column where acetone finally emerges. One chemical formula can be useful in summarizing the process of producing acetone. CH3-CHOH-CH3 CH3-CO-CH3 + H2 can summarize the chemical reaction process in the production of acetone. It is also important to notice that production of acetone is a very reactive process that needs consideration of safety and environmental concern. All chemicals used in the production of acetone comprise of some caution notices, which engineers of acetone should follow strictly to avoid explosive reactions. Acetone forms explosive mixtures with air and is extremely explosive and users of this chemical should remain keen throughout. Finally, engineers should address any accidental inhalation or suffocation and any accidental cases with any first aid before considering seeking health assistance from physicians. Works Cited Arda, Urun, Serkan Acarser, Muge Metin, Sila Gungor, and Ali Kucuk. Chemical Engineer ing Design Project: Acetone Production, 2009. Web. IARC. Isopropyl Alcohol Manufacture by the Strong-Acid Process. PDF file. Web. Rahman, Ateeq. â€Å"Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetone to Isopropanol: An Environmentally Benign Approach.† Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering Catalysis 5.2 (2010): 113 – 126. Print. Tremoulet Mike, Mike Unton, and Ed Feng. Production of Acetone Using Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Isopropyl Alcohol, 1998. Web. This report on Production of Acetone from isopropyl alcohol was written and submitted by user Jillian Farmer to help you with your own studies. 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Definition and Examples of Dynamic Verbs

Definition and Examples of Dynamic Verbs In English grammar, a dynamic verb is a  verb used primarily to indicate an action, process, or sensation as opposed to a state. Also called an action verb or an event verb. Also known as  a  non-stative verb or  action verb.  Contrast with stative verb. There are three major types of dynamic verbs: 1) accomplishment verbs (expressing action that has a logical endpoint), 2) achievement verbs (expressing action that occurs instantaneously), and 3) activity verbs (expressing action that can go on for an indefinite period of time). Examples and Observations They throw the ball, I hit it.They hit the ball, I catch it.(Hall of Fame baseball player Willie Mays)He had learned to walk and run and fight in the twisting alleys and dirty gutters of Rome.(Howard Fast, Spartacus. Blue Heron Press, 1951)I ate a banana and drank a glass of nonfat chocolate milk for breakfast. After that, I washed the breakfast dishes with liquid soap and lemon juice. I threw them in the dish drainer so they could dry naturally and left the house.(Lori Aurelia Williams, Broken China. Simon Schuster, 2006)They roared and clapped, sang and shouted as I performed, and with each moment my heart filled fuller.(Emmanuel Jal, War Child: A Child Soldiers Story. St. Martins Griffin, 2010)America is a large, friendly dog in a very small room. Every time it wags its tail, it knocks over a chair.(Arnold Toynbee, BBC news summary, July 14, 1954)[I]n summer everything fills. The day itself widens and stretches almost around the clock; these are very high latitudes, higher than L abradors. You want to run all night. Summer people move into the houses that had stood empty, unseen, and unnoticed all winter. The gulls scream all day and smash cockles; by August they are bringing the kids.(Annie Dillard, Mirages, 1982) Brandt ran back to the deepest corner of the outfield grass, the ball descended beyond his reach and struck in the crotch where the bullpen met the wall, bounced chunkily, and vanished.(John Updike, Hub Fans Bid Kid Adieu, 1960)Verbs act. Verbs move. Verbs do. Verbs strike, soothe, grin, cry, exasperate, decline, fly, hurt, and heal. Verbs make writing go, and they matter more to our language than any other part of speech.(Donald Hall and Sven Birkerts, Writing Well, 9th ed. Longman, 1997) Whats the Difference Between a Dynamic Verb and a Stative Verb? A dynamic verb (such as  run, ride, grow, throw) is primarily used to indicate an action, process, or sensation. In contrast, a stative verb (such as be, have, seem, know) is primarily used to describe a state or situation. (Because the boundary between dynamic and stative verbs can be fuzzy, its generally more useful to talk of dynamic and stative meaning and usage.) Three Classes of Dynamic Verbs If a​  clause can be used to answer the question What happened?, it contains a non-stative (dynamic) verb. If a clause cannot be so used, it contains a stative verb. . . . It is now accepted practice to divide dynamic verbs into three classes. . . . Activity, accomplishment and achievement verbs all denote events. Activities denote events with no built-in boundary and stretching out over time. Achievements denote events conceived of as occupying no time at all. Accomplishments denote events with an activity phase and a closure phase; they can be spread out over time, but there is a built-in boundary.(Jim Miller, An Introduction to English Syntax. Edinburgh University  Press, 2002)

Government borrowing, government budgets and fiscal policy impact Assignment

Government borrowing, government budgets and fiscal policy impact - Assignment Example 2. The government often increases its spending to expand an economy. In this situation, the actual deficit for the year is less than the forecasted amount. This shows that the government spending was less than expected; however, the revenue was more than the forecasted value. This indicates a surplus in the budget, and this implies faster economic growth. Yes, this is a problem in trying to balance the budget as the forecasted amounts vary widely with the actual expenditure and revenues. 3. Poor economic growth resulting in things such as unemployment could be caused by contraction of the country’s economy this can be corrected by the putting an expansionary fiscal policy in place. This system enables the government to increase the amount of money being transmitted in the country by cutting on state taxes, increasing the amount of government expenditure while the central bank is regulating by increasing the amount of money being supplied in the country. This helps in increasing production while creating more jobs. Expansion of a business cycle creates inflation in the country. A contractionary fiscal policy seeks to attend to this problem by trying to decrease the amount of money spent by the government while increasing the amount of interest rates on loans offered as to discourage people from borrowing hence reducing the amount of money in supply in the country. 4. Crowding out effect is whereby there is shrinkage in the private sector economy due to an apparent increase in government interest rates. There will be a less crowding out effect if the government spending is reduced as this will see a decrease in interest rates and higher investments in the private sector. 5. When Marginal taxes are cut off by the government, people tend to spend more on buying of products as they seem to have more money to spend. While they spend more on marketing, the government tends to collect more money from

The Coca-Cola Company Struggles with Ethical Crises Essay

The Coca-Cola Company Struggles with Ethical Crises - Essay Example The Belgian government ordered Coca-Cola to recall all its products, a move that was also witnessed in the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Coca-Cola at first underestimated the gravity of the matter, and took several days before correcting the situation or even going to the press about the issue. As a result of this delay, other people continued to suffer from the contaminated products, which had been determined to be the result of a consignment of carbon dioxide that had been improperly processed. France also reported about a hundred people had become ill after consuming coke, which led to all Coca-Cola products being banned from the country (Ferrell, Ferrell & Fraedrich ,2011) . The situation escalated and culminated in December the same year, when Belgium ordered Coca-Cola to halt a campaign it had launched to re-introduce its products in the country. Coca-Cola market eminence in Europe reduced significantly after this scandal, due to the incapability of the corporation to handle the cases professionally and with the seriousness they deserved. Coca-Cola was also accused of unfair competition in the international arena especially in European countries. In 1999, Coca-Cola sought to expand its market in France by trying to purchase a beverage company. The government intervened and stopped Coca-Cola from acquiring the company, under the antitrust laws of the European Union. Other countries such as Italy also accused Coca-Cola of anticompetitive prices and won a case against the company on the same. Other companies such as Pepsi also accused Coca-Cola of using discounts and refunds to get more consumers, something that was against European laws. Allegations of racial discrimination also plagued the Coca-Cola Company in 1999, after about 1500 employees of African-American descent sued the company on grounds of racial discrimination. The employees complained that favoritism was evident, in terms of payment, performance analysis and promotion. These allegations caused a lot of unrest in the company, and Coca-Cola had to pay 193 million dollars to settle the case (Griffin & Moorhead, 2011). Another case was in store for Coca-Cola, when it was accused of shipping more inventories to its supplies before a quarter was over, against business law. Afterwards, the company would count the shipments as sales, despite such goods remaining in the warehouses or being returned. These sales were then counted as revenue, thus creating the impression of a strong company, therefore, fooling investors who believed the inflated profits. Distributors of Coca-Cola products in the U.S sued the company in early 2006, after the company started using delivery agents to supply its products to warehouses. This move according to the distributors was against antitrust laws, and Coca-Cola had to find a way to settle this dispute. In Colombia, accusations surfaced between 2001 and 2004 that Coca-Cola had been intimidating its employees since 1989. Statistics showed that eight w orkers had died, 48 forced into hiding, and 65 issued with death threats in the Colombian bottling plant. The workers union sought compensation for the affected families, although Coca-Cola maintains that these allegations were unfounded. In India, the Coca-Cola subsidiary was accused of using contaminated ground water to make soft drinks, resulting in excess levels of pesticides in these drinks. In addition to this,

High Divorce Rates in the Military

High Divorce Rates in the Military The research paper will briefly introduce the topic of research paper work specifically defining the key words. In the discussion part, the research paper will examine the reasons for high divorce rates in the military. The research will set out reasons for high divorce rate in the military especially those of marriage age, and the previous existence marriages. It will focus also on the race impacts upon marriage, which are the largest influences behind high divorce rate in the military. The paper will explain the sociological research findings, and sociological theoretical perspectives of high divorce rates in the military. The conclusion will finally summarize the causes of high divorce rates in the military basing them on sociological theoretical perspectives. Introduction Military people are those brave individuals employed by a government in the armed forces in order to take care of national security. Divorce is a final marital union termination, and cancelling a legal marriage duties and responsibilities, and dissolving matrimonial bonds between two partners. Research indicates that military men and women have high divorce rates in the military. Discussion There are wide ranges of cases in the last few decades that have risen within the marriage institution among the military populace. Early marriages leads to a short lasting period of familial stability than those enacted later on, in adulthood. An estimate of divorce rates shows that 48 percent of all initiated first marriages ends before a wife attains the age of 18 years. The first marriages of about 25 percent begin when female spouses attains at least 25 years old. Amongst divorce predictors, establishment of age at marriage is the most consistently indicative regardless of starting period of marriage (Hack, 2008). The issue of high divorce rates is a big question for the sociologists. Sociologists have studied vigorously in order to find direction and solid reasons that lead to high divorce rates in the military. There are more informed reasons and sociological theories attempting to explain the high divorce rates in the military (Crown and Karney, 2007). The highest rate of divorce in the military branches continues to be a worsening statistic compared to other careers. Many causes contribute to it. Inadequate time spent with the family is the leading cause. This is because most military personnel spend little time with their families. Military men and women also undergo divorce problem because of a lot time spent out in a war thus lack adequate time for their loved ones. This makes their partners to move away from such marriage in search of the partners who are ready to stay with them every moment. This contributes to another cause; poor communication. Families with poor or lack of communication, and those spending many hours in the work place have high chances of divorce. The spouses of military men and women have a tendency to become unfaithful when the former are far away from their families. When their partners discover this, they end up separating. More often than not, they finally end up filing divorce cases in the courts. With vital communication, military people can build solid block or lay well foundation basing on trust, loyalty, and love (Chall, 2001). The work involved in military is hard and needs full dedication as well as devotion. Because of this, most military people get to deal with the stress in fighting, and defending their countries. They encounter problems in handling divorces especially when the spouses are not even within the same country they are serving. Most military people try to handle divorce related stress through counseling available from couples who have encountered problems of separation for long periods (Hack, 2008). Another thing that can help them to reduce divorces rate is by ensuring that before they engage and marry, they should be ready for commitment. Strenuous jobs contribute to the increased rate of divorce. It is not only in the military divorce that the rates are rising up, but also in 50% of the couples doing strenuous jobs end up divorcing. The statistical research shows that the bigger percentages of married people working in the military have high divorce rates than other ordinary couples (Crown and Karney, 2007). In military, there is little time to rest and almost no time to socialize with family and friends. Therefore, military people should try to talk about their feelings with their families if they want to secure their marriages, and avoid chances of separation and divorce. Place of women in the society theory attempt to define and explain the role of the female gender in the society. It details how they have violated their roles. The place of women in the society is nowadays changing and is leading to high divorce rates. The military is neither spared. The role of woman has undergone modification and has become manly. Women are no longer watchers of the house, cooks, or cleaners, but they do the same roles that men play. Men dominance is now fading because they compete with women in places of work, and in almost all fields in the economies (Chafetz, 2006). The marriage question in the institution theory has it that social dynamics keeps on changing making marriage less meaningful than it was before. People no longer have respect to moral ideals. Mothers who are working nowadays are common in the military, and the marriage expectations are very different than they were, previously. It is no longer the responsibility of men to use their own income to support an entire family. This is because women can comfortably support them in household chores. Most communities have accepted this kind of changed arrangement. Therefore, divorce rates keeps on rising due to changes in the roles of women, especially those in the military (Sowers, 2006). Conflict theory better explains various phenomena that occur in the military. The conflict perspectives focus on a wide range of things for instance drug abuse, and extra-affairs. Abuse and affairs are justifiable in some extents, and is the most obvious reason for high divorce rates in the military. It is understandable that couples would not like to live with someone who causes violence in the family. Many couples consider divorce especially when they do not want to stay in a miserable marriage. This have an even bigger impact on children especially when their parents fight in front of them and it worsens when parents divorce. Children may feel unsafe, or lack parental love when of the parents walks out of marriage. Some military men abuse substances such as marijuana, cocaine, and laudanum thinking that they will make their minds function properly. These drugs finally end up causing addiction and the result is violence, or conflict in the family. The conflict theory attempts to refute the perspective of the functionalist explaining social problems in the military. This theory considers that a society function in order to ensure each group of persons play a certain role just like body organs (Sowers, 2006). Stress factor can be an enormous cause of marital difficulties in the military. Research indicates that money factor especially limited financial income leads to divorce. This is quite evident among junior enlisted personnel with children, and those on long-term deployment. Many marriage counselors are of the notion that money is the root cause divorce in military marriages (Crown and Karney, 2007). Some say society itself contributes to divorce cases, but more value placed on individualism, self-expression, self-realization, and choice of personnel are the main causes of increasing military divorce. In financial cases especially among enlisted junior personnel, divorces often occur because of separation of couples for a long time on multiple occasions. These problems can reduce incase there is allowance of shorter deployment periods to limit marriage issues and to better family life (Karen, 2008). Cultural theory traces back where early marriages were discouraged in the society. Research further indicates that, each year, cases of early marriages made between the ages of 15 to 19 are on the increase. Many young married couples often do not keep their original relationship together. High divorce in the military is increasing because of changes in the law. Over the decades, marriage institution earned respect, and there were rare divorce cases because it was illegal to divorce. Nowadays this has changed, and military people keep walking in and out of marriages because of non-restriction in marriage. Anybody can file cases of divorce if there are minor disagreements in a marriage. The sociological context in cultural theory places divorce in traditional society as something that deteriorated the society thus divorce rarely occurred. The present society has high divorce that result even from sexual problems in the family. Several couples in military are sexually frustrated. They are not having enough sex when their partners keep on spending long working time outside (Anderson and Taylor, 2007). Conclusion The high divorce rates in the military are explained well by sociological perspectives. These sociological theories have their premises on the behavior of human beings. They blame contrasting and dynamic features of social life in expounding on high divorce rates in the military. Cases of divorce in the military are increasing every time, and the research shows that the military, as an occupation, is leading in divorce. These perspectives put several reasons forth, and all seem to justify. Therefore, the causes of high divorce rates are multifaceted and are dependent on the nature of a given case.

“Advice To youth” by Mark Twain Essay

â€Å"Advice To youth† by Mark Twain is basically a short little composition that he was asked to write to the youth’s of America. Basically it was just meant to be something to be educational and useful in life. I think that what he said back then is just as true today as it was back then when he wrote it. He starts off by saying that you should always listen to what your parents say even if you don’t agree because if you try to rebel against them you’ll just get into an argument and after being punished you’ll be forced to do what they said anyway. It doesn’t matter if you’re right or not just listen to them; you’ll save yourself the hassle of fighting with your parents and ruining your relationship with them. That’s advice that we all have heard, but find impossible to follow growing up. It always ends up with us punished and us having to do something we didn’t want to do plus some other stuff. He says that you should always respect your superiors whether they’re strangers, family or friends. If someone does something to disrespect and your not sure whether it was intentional or not you should hit them with a brick and then if you find out that he didn’t mean any harm you should be a man and tell the person you hit with the brick that you were the one who did it. He said that you shouldn’t fight and just try to talk it out, let bygones be bygones. The first half of this advice is correct; we should respect our elders even if they are wrong. As for hitting someone who offended you miss intentionally or otherwise, if we were to do this in today’s society we would all have to carry weapons on us at all times and we’d all leave a trail of bodies everywhere we went. It’s best just to ignore dumb remarks that are made by even dumber people and get on with life. There is too much ignorance in this world, one person won’t be able to make a difference with something like this. In the third paragraph he says the old clichà © â€Å"early to bed, early to rise†. Then he talks about getting up at different times and how whatever wakes you up will change your attitude. He trained a bird to wake him up at nine thirty every morning, so I guess it makes him optimistic to wake up to a lark chirping. I guess that’s true, but in today’s world no one gets enough sleep; everyone goes to bed late, wakes up early and is always tired. Alarm  clocks are a pain to wake up to and so are radios. The sounds of nature wouldn’t wake most people up because we have gotten used to loud noises, so low noise wouldn’t make us shudder. Most of us wake up to the buzzing or beeping of a blaring alarm clock, which makes us angry and groggy. We spend most of the morning dazed and confused and at night tired and lazy. He then talks about lying; he says that you refrain from lying as much as humanly possible unless you are skilled at it. If your a bad liar then you shouldn’t lie because it will usually be slanderous and if you get caught spreading lies you’ll be branded a liar by everyone. This is obvious advice that most people have taken. Most people are good at lying because they have been practicing for years. To become successful you need to be able to lie and stick with the lie until you are on your deathbed. To hear a complete truth from anyone in today’s world is almost impossible since we all stretch the truth from time. He then talks about guns and gun control. He says that you should have a gun in the house in case you need it, but you shouldn’t have it loaded unless you plan to use it. It should never be left unlocked or else you could get hurt if it was left accidentally loaded. He says never point a gun at a person unless you plant to kill them. This is something that most political people and lobbyists talk about allot. I agree with this completely. It’s better to have a gun and not need it then need it and not have it. A gun should never be loaded until right before you are going to use it, anyone with a gun license should know that; same goes for never point a gun at something that you don’t wish to destroy. Guns are weapons not playthings. A gun should be locked on a gun rack or have a gunlock incase someone where to get a hold of it they wouldn’t be able to do anything with it. He then starts talking about how you should read allot, but that you should be careful of what you choose to read. He says you should only read good books having to do with religion. Reading is always a good thing to do. However, in today’s society most people are agnostic so reading about religious topics is something they wouldn’t do under normal circumstances. People should read anything whether comic books, manga, manuals, how to  guides or whatever. It’s all better then watching television. He then says that if you listen to his advise you will be a good person. I agree with his statement. All of his written advice is useful stuff that you always hear but don’t care to pay attention to while growing up until it’s too late in life to do anything about it. Mark Twain was a great writer and as it turns out; he also had allot of common sense and useful knowledge, of which he decided to share some with us in that little passage that he was asked to write. Reading it all again and responding to it enforces those ideas in my mind as I hope it will for all those who decide to do this assignment.